Paris, France
The romantic French capital simply oozes charm and uniqueness that is frequently and poorly imitated by other cities around the world. However there's not too many other cities that have introduced a very successful and what has become an essential part of the life of a Parisien - Le Metropolitain. Operated by the Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens or RATP for short, 14 lines cris-cross Central Paris in a web that makes it rare to be further than 500 metres from a station. RATP operates the Metro with short wheelbase cars, in consists of around 5-6 cars (depending on the line) which are mostly underground and are able to negotiate some very tight turns - an advantage the Metro has over more conventional underground railways. All of the original lines constructed at around the turn of the 20th century used the typical steel wheel on steel rail technology. After the end of World War 2 however, a number of the lines were modified to use rubber tyred cars that give a much smoother, quieter and more comfortable ride quality. This proved to be quite an expensive exercise and was later cut to implementing only new lines with that technology. As a result, around half the network today is still steel wheel on steel rail operated. Opened in 1998, line 14 was constructed with not just the rubber tyre equipment, but it is the first metro line to be completely operated without drivers.
Complementing the Metro is the RATP's network of RER suburban lines. These lines cross from the fringes of Ile-de-France from one side to the other through underground tunnels in Central Paris. Also operating in conjuction with the French National Railways SNCF and Transilien is a network of outer suburban routes that depart from Paris' grand terminals such as Gare du Nord, Gare de L'est and Gare de Lyon. The latter being the site of a tragic accident involving a runaway EMU in 1988.
Operating on the surface of Paris' chaotic streets is the RATP's very good network of bus routes providing often more direct but slower services to complement the Metro. The buses also provide connections from the Metro termini to many of the suburbs of Greater Paris not served by heavy rail. The majority of the RATP bus fleet is on Renault and the later Irisbus chassis, but more recently an increasing number of non French chassis such as Scania & MAN have appeared.
Paris has also recently found a renewed taste for light rail, and currently has one on-street running and another converted from disused heavy rail line. Currently under construction (see photographs below) is a third line which will involve on street running. The ultimate plan is to have a light rail network that provides a circumferential service paralleling the Boulevarde Peripherique - the demarkation point between the arrondissements of Central Paris and the suburbs.
Photo Gallery
Bus & Tram
Metro & RER
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